Cite this profile as: P.G. Kodela, L. Pedley. Ilex aquifolium, in P.G. Kodela (ed.), Flora of Australia. Australian Biological Resources Study, Department of Climate Change, Energy, the Environment and Water: Canberra. https://profiles.ala.org.au/opus/foa/profile/Ilex%20aquifolium [Date Accessed: 31 March 2025]